Relaying projection apparatus.



G. A. H. KELLNER. RELAYING PROJECTION APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 001. 23, 1909. 984,929.

61 Hume/1 G. A. H. KELLNER. -RELAYING PROJECTION APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 1909.

2 SHEETSSHBBT 2.

Patented Feb. 21, 1911.

and resident of Rochester,

UNITED sT rns PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV A. HERMANN KELLNER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BAUSCH &.

orna orrrcan comranr, roan.

OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW BELAYIN G PROJECTION APPARATUS.

Patented Feb. 21, 1911.

Application filed October 23, 1909. Serial No. 524,188.

.To all whom it magi concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV A. HERMANN KELLNER, asubject of the King of Prussia,

in the county of Monroe and State'of New York, have in- .vented certain new and useful Improvements in Relaying Projection Apparatus; and I do tious of parts all hereby declare the following to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawlugs, to the reference-minierals marked thereon.

My present invention provides an optical apparatus for projecting the image of an ob ect. to a remote )omt by means of a system of lenses in which the glasses themselves are comparatively small in diameter and it comprehends an arrangement of lenses such that theimage projected may be fully illuminated and its area maintained practically equal-to theiobject itself as distinguished from the enlargements or magnifications usually obtained in projections. 7

My invention also has for its object to provide means for relaying the image of an objectto be projected and the image of the light source by which it is illuminated so that itmay be projected a considerable distance and if desired the rays of light may be bent or deflected permitting the projection to be carried around corners and the image observed at a point out of alinement with as well as at a point remote from the ubjECt.

A further object included in my present invention is the application of a lens system possessing'the capabilities above mentioned to the projection of the'readings or graduations of the rose of a ships com pass and this feature of the invention also includes certain improvements in the arrangement of the graduations of the com ass rose whereby two or more duplicate rea ings of the compass may be transmitted to ditlcrent parts of the ship or vessel.

To these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements and combine fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings: Fi ure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a en's system arranged in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is view of the forming a part of the specification, and

rahty of lenses as will be hereinafter morea similar enlarged view. Fig. 3 is a detail diagrammatic v ment of the invention as ap lied for projecting the readings of a sfiips compass. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a Shl s compass showin the rose arranged for ouble readings; i ig. 5 is a central vertical sectional compass. Fig. 6 is a detail plan View of a focusing screen, and Fig. 7 is a dia rammatic view of the lam filament.

imilar reference numerals 1n the several figures indicate. similar parts.

In carrying out my present invention I employ a primary projecting lens and a pluin sets and ada ted to cooperate with the primary projecting'lens in'such a way that the projected image is relayed or carried along from one set of lenses to the next, said sets of lenses also beingadapted and so proportioned one to the other that the source of light is likewise relayed or carried along and illuminates the image giving the latter full brilliancy on the focusing screen located at the end of the lens system.

InFig. 1 is shown a diagrammatic arrangement of a lens system embodying my invention in which a indicates an object to be projected, b a source of light for illuminating it and o a condenser which focuses the image of the light source in a primary projecting lens d. The preferredmeans of illuminating the object is by means of an incandescent lamp and in order to amplify the illumination a lamp having a filament comprising a plurality of loops or light emitting strands e, as shown in Fig. is employed. The illuminating power of thelamp may be increased by employing a concaverefiector f which in conjunction with the lamp or light source is positioned to throw a reficcted image of the strands of the lamp filament or frame in the same plane as the light source and at one side of the light source proper, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. The advantage of this arrangement will be at once appreciated as the effectiveness or strength of the source of light is greatly increased, the illuminating power of a lamp filament of five strands being nearly doubled in strength by the five offset reflections obtained by a proper focusin of the reflector. In practice this is accom lished b arranging a concave spherical mirror in t e axis of view illustrating one embodiarranged relatively thereto' the lens s stem and adjusting the light source slig tly at oneside of -'said' axis so that it with its reflected image will be. symmetrical to said axis. The rimary lens d 5 has a given focal length an is positioned relatively to the object to project an image thereof of given area at a previouslyideter mined distance the focal length of this lens, as well as of the other. lens cooperating therewith, which will be further described,

being established by the conditions the apparatus isrequired to ,,fulfil. The primary lens (2 produces an inverted image of the object a but instead of locating a screen in 5 the plane of the image to portra the image a collective lensJt is stationed w ich focuses the image formed by the primary projection lens d into a secondary projection lens 2'. In other words, the collective lens h gathers or concentrates the coneof light from the primary projecting lens d into the secondary projection lens. 2', and as the image of the light source was focused in the former the image projected by it is reproduced in the latter to be again projected, this second projection of the ima e showing the object erected. The collective lens h and secondary projecting lens a are, for convenience. in description, designated as a set oflenses and to continue the projection still farther other projection sets of collective and rojecting lenses, as indicated by j and 7c and l and m, respectively, may be employed, the number of such sets being only dependent upon the candle power of the illuminant and the absorption of light in the lenses themselves.

, At the end of the lens system in focus with the last projecting lens is located a screen (indicated by n Fig. 1) upon which the image of the object is exhibited and in a lens system, such as illustrated in Fig. 1,

comprising three sets of glasses the image of the object shown will be erect.

From the foregoing it'will be seen that the image finally viewed upon the screen is the result of a relaying of the original image of the object thrown forward by the primary projecting lens and that it is rendered distinguishable upon the screen by the light or illumination carried along with the image by relaying or repeating the image of the light source. Each projecting lens is in a plane where the repeated image of the source appears and each collective lens is at a point where the image of the object is focused, i. e., the.corresponding lens of the successive sets are arranged relatively, each end the conjugate foci of the other.

In the drawings I have shown one use to which the above described apparatus may be put in conjunction with other features of my invention. This .is its adaptation to use on board a ship for projecting the readings of the compass and by a novel arrangement 6 'of the compass rose and its casing I am pedestal "of the binnacle 5.

enabled to project a pluralityof duplicate compass readings to various parts of a ship for simultaneous observations by different oflicers. The projecting apparatus embody ing my invention possess a particular and distinctive advantage in this connection as it enables the compass to be located below -decks, even, in the hold of the vessel where it is the least subjected to the rocking movement of the ship, while the readings may be carried to the pilot house or bridge. Such a location-of the compass; is particularly advantageous on battle ships as the compass may be located well below the water line and protected from injury and the so duplicate readings thereof may be projected upwardly to the conning tower and to the central station as will be understood. V

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have illustrated a' com- Y pass mechanism, adapted particularly to be used with a projecting apparatus such as de-- scribed, comprising the bowl 1, suspended by the pivots 2 in the gimbal ring 3, which in turn is suspended on the pivots 4 in the bowl is journaled the floating rose 6 which is preferably constructed of transparent material containing the usual directlon graduations. The latter are, of course, arranged in circular order, and when it is desired to project duplicate readings I also provide the rose with two or more rows of duplicate graduations, the cardinal points of one row being displaced in relation to the corresponding points of the other row, and when but tWo rows of graduations are used I prefer t o arrange'the corresponding points in one in opposition to the other, as shown in Fig. 4, in which it will be seen that the north point of the outer row of graduations indicated by 7 is located at the left hand side of the figure, while the same graduation mark of the inner row is located at the right hand side, as indicated by 8, and consequently points in the direction of the south point 9 of the outer row.

The compass bowl 1 is closed by the glass cover 10, and may also be provided with a glass bottom, although I prefer to perforate the usual bottom 11, as indicated at 12 and 13, and close said perforations with glasses '14 and 15, the-diameter of which will be These lamps, it will be noticed, are so positioned that the strands of their filaments are positioned in alinement with the centers of the windows 14 and 15, and beneath each Within the 90 corresp .ter, it will be understood of thenj) is arranged. the reflectors 18 and 19,

nding to and performing the function attributed to the reflector 7, before described.

Situated above the compass bowl and spaced :1. suflicient distance therefrom to permit it to rock in all directions, are the condensers c and a which are in 'alinement with the apertures 12 and-13 in-the bottom of "the bowl, and while these lenses have been shown arranged exteriorly of the latthat they may be otherwise positioned in respect to the com pass rose, which is the real ob'ect to be projected. In Fig. 3 a system 9 lenses indicated by 20 is shown arranged in conjunction with the condenser a for project ing the raduations appearing in the inner row of tie compass rose to a screen 21 10. cated at some remote point from the compass as, for instance, within the pilot house or the conning tower of a battle ship, a similar set of lenses indicated by 22 operate in conjunction withthe condenser c for projecting the graduations of the outer row to a screen 23, which may be located at some other convenient point of the ship, for instance Within the so called central station of a battle ship. The two systems of lenses indicated by 20 and 22 operate to relay the image of the compass rose 6 and the sources of light 16 and 1 by successive projections of both precisely in the manner described in conjunction yvith Figs. 1 and 2, but as the focusing screens 21 and 23 are arranged out of alinement with the compass, reflectors 24 are arranged at suitable points between the lenses for deflecting the li ht rays. These reflectors may, it w1ll be uncfcr stood, be otherwise arranged and a greater number of them may be employed if circumstances require it. A lan View of one of the screens is illustrated in Fig. 6, and in this view is also shown a reproduction of the image of the compass rose. As the latter occupies a position on the screen identical with the positionof the portion of the rose the navigating point indicated by 25,, is placed in a proper position on said screen, and being stationary thereon the ima e of. the rose appears to revolve bringing afi the direction graduations of the entire rose into the same relation with said index as they normally bear to the navigating index on the bowl of the compass. After the apparatus has been erected and the lens system properly adjusted the screen is either provided with suitable diaphragms or a portion thereof is rendered opaque so that only the portion of the image desired is observed upon the screen, the whole appearing as shown in Fi 6.

While it 1s not essential to the proper operation of the apparatus prefer, however, to inclose the lens system in a tubular the bookkeepers casing, which for convenience may be made in sections permitting access to t. various lenses, these tubes while protecting lenses from injury, also prevent the interception of the rays of light in any manner.

The projecting apparatus embodying my invention may be ut to various uses other than the one described, and another adaptation which will be readily appreciated is the optical connection which the instrument will afford between two. departments of a banking house for conveying certain information, such as a de ositors signature from epartment to, the cashiers -desk. These station's ma be widely separated and between them wi 1 be located the lens s stem of the projecting apparatus, so that w ien the cashier wishes to familiarize himself with the signature of a particular depositor, for comparison with the signature of a check presented to him for payment, or any other reason, the bookkee )er or other oiiicer when informed of the act the will place the usual signature card in proper position, whereupon the image of the signature will be projected upon the screen at the end of the lens system wherever it may be located.

I claim as my invention:

1. A projecting apparatus for producing an image ofan object at a point remote therefrom, comprising a source of light, a. plurality of sets of lenses arranged successively' each set embodying lenses for relaying the imageof the object and the source of light.

2. A projecting apparatus for producing an image of an object at a point remote therefrom, comprising a source of light, and a plurality of projecting and collective lenses disposed relatively and alternately relaying images of the light source and object.

3. An apparatus for producing an illuminated image of an ob ect at apoint remote therefrom, comprising. a source of light, a focusing screen and a pluralit of alternately disposed projecting and co lective lenses disposed relatively to each other and relaying the image of the object. with the image of the liglitsource to produce an illuminated image of said object on the screen.

4. An apparatus for roducing an illu- 'minated image of an object at a point remote therefrom, comprisin a source of light, a lens system embodying a plurality of sets of projecting and collective lenses arranged successively for the purpose of successively transmitting the image of the object and the rays of light illuminating it and a focusing screen located at the end of the lens s stem.

5. X lens system for a projection apparatus comprising two sets of projecting and posed relatively to the first and adapted to effect a relaying projection of images of objects produced by the first set of lenses.

projecting apparatus embodying a system of lenses comprisinga pr mary projecting lens, a secon ary pro ecting ens, a collective lens located between them and focusing the former into the latter and a focusing screen arranged relatively to the secondary projecting lens. I

7. A projecting apparatus embodying a\ plurality of projectingdenses spaced apart, collective lenses located between adjacent projecting lenses and focusing the light rays emitted from one into the other and a focusing screen receiving the light rays emitted by the last projecting lens.

8.'A pro ecting apparatus embodying a source of light, an object illuminated thereby, a primary projecting lens, a condensing lens focusing the image of the light source into said projecting lens, a second projecting lens, a collective lens gathering the cone of light emitted from the primary projecting lens and imaging said lens in the secondary projecting lens and a focusing screen arranged at the end of the lens system and receiving the image of the projected object illuminated by the light source.

9. The combination-with a lensfor projecting the image of an object, and a collective lens receiving and determining the area of said image, of a similar pair of lenses for relaying'said image, another projecting lens for further projecting said image and a focusing screen receiving the latter.

10. The combination with a projecting lens and a collective lens for receiving the projected image of an object, of a plurality of additional lenses for relaying the said image and a focusing screen-at the end of the lens system.

11. The combination with a lens for projecting the image of an object, of a plurality of additional cooperating lenses for relaying the projected image and a focusing screen at the end of the lens system.

12. The combination with an object, a source of light, a lens for projecting the image of said object and acondensing lens focusing the light source upon the projecting lens, of a plurality of cooperating lenses arranged to reproduce said image in a field of predetermined area and relay it to a point remote from the object and a focusing screen at the end of the lens system receiving the image of the object illuminated by the lighgi source. I

13. The combination with a compass rose, having a plurality of rows of similar direc: tion graduations, of a plurality of focusing screens and-separate sets of lenses, projecting images of similar portions of each row of graduations' on the several screens.

14. The combination with a compass rose having inner and outer rows of graduations, the graduations of one row being disposed in opposition to those of the other row, of focusing screens and means for projecting the readings of said separate graduations on the screens.

15. The combination with a compass rose having separate rows of direction graduations, those of one row being arranged in opposition to those of the other, of separate focusing screens and means for pro ecting images of corresponding parts of said rows of graduations on the screens to show duplicate compass readings.

16. An apparatus for use on board ship comprising a compass having a rose, a focusing screen located at a point removed from the compass and provided with a navigating index, and means for projecting an image of a portion of the rose' on said screen in cooperative relation to said index.

17. The combination with a ships compass, of an apparatus for projecting the lmage of the compass rose and a focusing screen receiving said image and having a 11 translucent portion upon which the image gra'duations of the rose may be observed and rovided with a navigating index cooperat; mg with the image graduations.

18. The combination with a ships compass comprising a bowl having. a bottom provided with transparent portiondand hav ing a transparent rose, of a support for the bowl, a source of light located beneath it,

and a lens system for relaying projections of the image of the light source and rose and a focusing screen at the end of the lens system.

19. In a projection apparatus, the combination with .an object to be projected, a source of light located at one side thereof and a projectin lens system arranged at the-other side, 0 a reflector intensifying the effectiveness of the light, the latter being so positioned in respect to the reflector that the reflection thereof falls at one side of said light source. a J y 20. The combination with a ships-compass comprising a bowl provided with a transparent bottom and having a transparent rose, of an incandescent lamp mounted beneath the bowl having a filament arranged in a plurality of strands and a reflector located beneath the lamp, the latter being so positioned that the reflected image of the- 

